Engine



H. H. TlMlAN Oct. 9, 1934.

ENGINE Filed June 4, 1931 m m m N I Patented Oct. 9, v 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE moms Application June 4, 1931, Serial No. 542,015

12 Claims.

My invention relates to engines and more particularly to an intake manifold structure of the type more particularly adapted for use with an eight cylinder-in-line internal combustion engine.

In multi-cylinder engines, and in particular engines having six or eight cylinders it is customary in many instances to employ Siamese intake ports adapted to be connected with one of the manifold branches. Experience has shown that it is difficult to distribute the fuel mixture to cylinders associated with Siamese intake ports in such a manner as to distribute substantially uniform quantities of fuel mixtures to the cylinders at all engine speeds. Furthermore, various l5 eddy currents are set up adjacent the intake valves.

which communicate with a. Siamese port which prevents the uniform distribution of the fuel at all engine speeds.

It is an object of my invention to provide a manifold structure for a multi-cylinder engine to distribute substantially uniform quantities of fuel mixture to the various engine cylindersat all engine speeds.

A further object of my invention is to provide a more uniform distribution of the fuel mixture to the engine cylinders of an internal combustion engine in which a plurality of cylinders are connected with a single manifold branch by controlling the flow of the fuel mixture through said branch in such a manner as to discharge separate streams of the fuel mixture, each stream being adapted for injection into an intake chamber communicating with an engine cylinder.

For a moredetailed understanding of my invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawing which illustrates one form which my invention may assume, and in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold structure constructed in accordance with my invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view illustrating the construction of one of the manifold branches adjacent the outlet and taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fi 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating a modified form of construction,

Fig. 6 is afragmentary sectional view of a. modified construction, and

Fig. '7 is a sectional veiw. taken on the line 7--'7 of Fig. 6.

The manifold structure herein illustrated and designated by the reference character A is adapted for assembly with a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine which in general includes an engine casting 10 and a fuel mixture forming device 11.

The intake manifold structure A consists principally of a primary fuel mixture conducting means or riser 12, a runner 13 communicating with the riser and preferably extending substantially at right angles to the riser axis, and a plurality of manifold branches 14 arranged in open communication with the runner 13. The manifold structure is preferably constructed in such a way as to provide a split 15 or other suitable means for dividing the fuel stream and distributing the same to the manifold branches 14 for conduction to the engine cylinders. Preferably this split 15 is located adjacent the intersection of the branches with the runner.

In the drawing I have chosen for purposes of illustration to show my novel manifold structure as being constructed for cooperative assembly with an eight cylinder-'in-line internal combustion engine. Obviously the principles of my invention may be incorporated in manifold structures constructed and arranged for cooperative assembly with engines other than those of the eight cylinder type and manifolds for four and six cylinder engines may be constructed in accordance with the principles forming the subject matter of the present invention, although experience has shown that the eight cylinder engine needs a manifold structure such as shown in the illustrated embodiment of my invention since the problems connected with an eightcylinder engine are more complex. The smoothness in the operation of any engine is dependent upon the proper fuel distribution to the respective cylinders. Some manifold structures which properly distribute the fuel at an average engine speed do not satisfactorily distribute the fuel at high or low speeds. Such a regular fuel distribution is -more noticeable in a multi-cylinder engine of the six or eight cylinder type and the manifold structure herein illustrated is constructed in such a way as to provide a substantial uniform distribution of the fuel mixture to the engine cylinders at all engine speeds.

In my present invention this is accomplished by dividing or splitting the fuel mixture stream in the manifold branch substantially remote from the riser and discharging through the outlet of said branch a plurality of separate fuel streams each stream adapted to be injected into one of manifold branch as far as desired. Fig. illustrates 'a partition 21 extending practically the the engine cylinders in the usual manner. The engine casting is provided with a plurality of intake chambers 16 adapted for cooperative association with the respective engine cylinders, these intake chambers being preferably arranged in pairs as shown in Figure 2 in the customary manner. In my present construction these intake chambers 16 are separated by a partition wall 17 extending to a point flush with the side walls of ,the engine casting. The manifold branches 14 are preferably widened in the horizontal plane and are each provided with a partition wall 18 which is preferably positioned in a vertical plane and extended longitudinally of the manifold branch. In the construction illustrated the branch manifold portions are curved and the partition 18 is correspondingly curved and the point 19 of the partition is so constructed as to divide the fuel mixture stream in the manifold branch and/direct substantially equahamounts of fuel mixture into the separate branch passages 20, each of these-branch s being adapted for communication with one of the intake passages 16 in the engine block This partition wall associatedwith each of the manifold branches may extend inwardly of the entire length of the manifold branch 14'.

It is customary to provide a firing order'in engines of the character illustrated and to so regulate the intake that for anypair of adjacent valves the intake opening of one valve will overlap the intake opening-of the adjacent valve. Such valves are usually constructed to communicate with a Siamese port and consequently it is diflicult to regulate the charge taken in the cylinder because of the surge of pressure. With my present invention, the partition wall 1'? prevents the surge of pressure from effecting the desired fuel distribution. When the partition 18 is extended in a manner as illustrated in Fig. 5, the

proper fuel distribution is not affected by-any surge in pressure and even when the partition wall is relatively short as shown in Fig. 2 very beneficial results are obtained and in fact I find that a fairly short partition wall, one which may only extend to outer face of the engine casting gives satisfactory results. This latter construction is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 wherein intake chambers 16' are separated by a partition wall 1'1 a manifold branch 14*being associated therewith. Preferably the intake ports 30 are in creased in height as at31 as compared to the usual intake port having no partition to insure an adequate fuelsupply for each cylinder. This construction is especially adapted for use with a six or eight cylinder-in-line engine.

It will thus be noted that the construction herein illustrated is especially adapted for those types of engines in which fuel distribution problems are difficult and it will be further noted that this construction provides an accurate division and distribution of fuel to the engine cylinders in such a manner as to be not influenced by variations in the engine speed. Thus all of the engine cylinders receive substantially uniform quantities of fuel at all engine speeds,

It will be noted that the split 15 shown in Fig. 2 and the front edge of the partitions 21 (Fig. 5) are remote from the riser or as stated in the appended claims, are remote from the junction of said riser 12 and runner portions-13. I mean by remote that the distance between said zones is suflicient to provide a conducting portionof such a length as to permit the fluid introduced into the runner portions to attain equilibrium prior to being divided or otherwise acted upon by said split.

It may be further noted that secondary con- 30 ducting portion is enlarged in the vicinity of the split and that the cross-sectional area of said branch runner portions 14 are each substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of runner portions 13. One of said branch runners preferablythe one connecting the end cylinders extends substantially longitudinally of the engine, as does the runner portions 13.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention pertains that various modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my inven-' tion or from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder combustion engine and including a primary fuel mixture conducting means, a runner communicating therewith and extending at an' angle thereto, branches communicating with said runnerand joined therewith at a point sufficientlyrmote from the junction of said rlmner with said primary conducting means whereby to per mit the fuel mixture in said runner to attain equilibrium, said branches each terminating in outlets associated with a pair of engine cylinders 105 and each provided with a partition extending longitudinally thereof from the outlet end to a point intermediate the outletand the junction of said branch and runner whereby to divide said fuel flow and provide separate conducting passages for said divided fuel flow each arranged for communication with a single engine cylinder.

-2. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder internal combustion engine and including a primary fuel mixture conducting portion, a secondary fuel mixture conducting portion communicating therewith and terminating in an outlet associated with a plurality of engine cylinders having separate associated intake passages, said secondary conducting portion provided with partition means extending longitudinally thereof from the outlet to a point spaced from the junction of said conducting portions whereby to provide a split for'dividing said fuel flow and to provide separate fuel conducting passages each terminating in passage outlets communicating with one of said cylinder intake passages, the con complete equilibrium prior to being divided and distributed to said separate passages.

.3. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder engine including a primary fuel mixture conducting means, a runner communicating therewith and extending at an angle therto, branches communicating with said runner and divided by a split located at a point spaced from the junction of said runner with said primary conducting means whereby to provide a conduit having a length sufficient to permit the fuel mixture in saidrunner to attain equilibrium prior to being divided by said split, said branches each terminating in outlets associated with a pair of engine cylinders and each provided with a partition extending longitudinally thereof from the outlet end to a point intermediate the outlet and 1 said split and thereby providing a second split ,whereby to divide said fluid flow in said branch and to provide separate conducting passages for said divided fluid flow arranged for communication with a'single engine cylinden 4. An intake manifold for a multi-cylin'der engine including a primary fuel mixture conducting portion and aplurality of laterally extending fuel mixture conducting portions openly communicating with said-primary conducting portion, said lateral conducting portions each proconducting portion being enlarged in thevicinity,

of said split and having branch runners'extending beyond the split, each branch runner being provided with means forming a; second split spaced from said first split and dividing said branch runners into separate passages for con-- ducting fluid to the engine.

5. An intake manifold for a multifcyiinder engine including a primary fuel mixture conducting portion and a plurality of laterally extending fuel mixture conducting portions openly communicating with said primary conducting portion, said lateral conduction portions each provided with a split spaced with respect to the junction of said conductinaportions whereby to provide a closed lateral runner portion intermediate the spllt and primary conducting portion of suificient length to permit the fluid stream flowing therethrough to attain equilibrium prior to being acted upon by said split, said lateral conducting portion being enlarged in the vicinity of said split and having branch runners extending beyond the split, each branch runner being provided with means forming a second split spaced from said first split and dividing said branch runners into separate pasages for conducting fluid to the engine, said branch runners each being'enlarged in the .vicinity of mid second split.

6. An intake manifold for a multi-cylinder engine including a primary. fuel mixture conducting portion and a plurality of laterally extending fuel mixture conducting portions openly communicating with said primary conducting portion, said lateral conducting portions each provided with a split spaced with respect to the junction of said conducting portions whereby to provide a closed lateral runner portion intermediate the split and primary conducting portion of suflicient length to permit the fluid stream flowing therethrough to attain equilibrium prior to being acted upon by said split, said lateral conducting portion being enlarged in the vicinity of said split and having branch runners extending beyond the split, each branch runner being pro- 4 vided with means forming a second split spaced from said flrst split and dividing said branch runners into separate passages for conducting fluid to the engine, said passages each arranged for communication with a single engine cylinder.

'7. An intake manifold for a multi-cylinder engine including a primary fuel mixture conducting portion, a lateral fuel mixture conducting portion, a partition extending longitudinally of said lateral conducting portion from the outlet and terminating in a split spaced from the junction of said conducting portions, said lateral conducting portion having a lateral runner extending intermediate the split and primary conducting portion providing a closed conduit having a length'suflicient to permit the fluid stream flowing therethrough to attain equilibrium prior to being acted uponby said split, said partition forming branch passages of substantially the same cross-sectional area as said intermediate lateral runner. I

, 8. An intake manifold for a multi-cylinder engine including a primary fuel mixture conducting portion, a secondary fuel mixture conducting portion including a lateral runner extending longitudinally of the'engine and having substantially a uniform cross-sectional area throughout its length, and means spaced from the Junction of said-runner and primary conducting portion including a split for dividing a fluid stream flowing through said runner, said means further dividing said secondary fuel mixture conducting portion into branch runners terminating in outlets communicating with the engine cylinders, said lateral runner having a length intermediate said split and primary conducting portion of sufllcient extent whereby to permit,the fluid stream flowmg therethrough to attain equilibrium prior to being acted-upon by said split, one of saidbranch runners being return bentfor operativeconne'ction with one or more intermediate engine cyl-,

inders.

9. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder engine having separate inlet ports for each cylinder, said intake manifold structure including a primary fluid conducting portion, and

a second fluid conducting portion extending substantially longitudinally of the engine for con-" necting said primary portion with the engine, the fluid being introduced into the second portion in a manner tending to cause the fluid to flow therein in an unbalanced condition, said second portion having a longitudinally extending partition beginning at a point spaced from said primary portion to provide a split for dividing the fluid flowing through said second portion and terminating at the outlet thereof, said partition forming separate passages intermediate the split and outlet and each connected with one of said separate engine inlet ports, that section of the second portion intermediate the split and primary portion providing a closed fluid conducting con- 2 duithaving a length sufficient to substantially establish equilibrium of the fluid stream prior to being divided by said split for distribution in separate streams into said separate passages.

10. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder engine having separate inlet ports for each cylinder, said intake manifold structure including a primary fluid conducting portion, and

a second fluid conducting portion extending sub- 85 stantialLy longitudinally of the. engine for connecting said primary portion with the engine,

the fluid being introduced into the second portion in a manner tending to cause the fluid to flow therein in an unbalanced condition, said second portion having a longitudinally extending partition beginning at a point spaced from said primary portion to provide a split for dividing the fluid flowing through said second portion and terminating at the outlet thereof, said partition 4 forming separate passages intermediate the split and outlet and each connected with one of said separate engine inlet ports, that section of the second portion intermediate the split and primary portion providing a closed fluid conducting conduit having a length suflicient to substantially establish equilibrium of the fluid stream prior to being divided by said split for distribution in separate streams into said separate passages, said passages extending substantially parallel to each other.

11. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder engine having separate inlet ports for each cylinder, said intake manifold structure including a primary fluid conducting portion, and a second fluid conducting portion extending substantially longitudinally of the engine for connecting said primary'portion with the engine, the fluid being introduced into the second portion in a manner tending to cause the fluid to flow therein in an unbalanced condition, said second portion having a longitudinally extending partition beginning at a point spaced from said primary portion to provide a split for dividing the fluid flowing through said second portion and terminating at the outlet thereof, said partition forming separate passages intermediate the split and outlet and each connected with one of said separate engine inlet ports, that section of the second portion intermediate the split and primary portion providing a closed fluid conducting conduit having a length suflicient to substantially establish equilibrium of the fluid stream prior to being divided by said split for distribution in separate streams into said separate passages, said passages beyond the split forming conduits having outlets of substantially the same cross-sectional area.

12. An intake manifold structure for a multicylinder engine having separate inlet ports for each cylinder, said intake manifold structure including a primary fluid conducting portion, and a second fluid conducting portion extending substantially longitudinally of, the engine for connecting said primary portion with the engine, the fluid being introduced into the second portion in a manner tending to cause the fluid to flow therein in an unbalanced condition, said second por-- tion having a longitudinally extending partition beginning at a point spaced from said primary portiontoprovideasplitiordividing the fluid flowing through said second portion and terminating at the outlet thereof, said partition forming separate passages intermediate the split and outlet and each connected with one of said separate engine inlet ports, that section of the second portion intermediate the split and primary portion providing a closed fluid conducting conduit having a length suflicient to substantially establish equilibrium of the fluid stream prior to being divided by said split for distribution in separate streams into said separate passages, said partition providing a wall common to both said passages.

HAROLD H; TIMIAN. 

